Amendment — supermajority ratification, and a "yes" that cannot be unsaid

amendment.cell

// ============================================================================
// AMENDMENT — supermajority ratification, and a "yes" that cannot be unsaid
// ============================================================================
//
// In 1868, Ohio and New Jersey ratified the Fourteenth Amendment — then,
// as politics shifted, voted to RESCIND their ratifications. Congress
// and the Secretary of State counted them anyway: under Article V
// practice, ratification is a one-way act. The same fight resurfaced
// with the ERA in the 1970s. The constitutional answer became doctrine:
// a state's "yes" enters the permanent record; there is no take-back.
//
// This module makes both halves structural. A ratification slot can hold
// exactly the value 1 — the rescission (writing it back to 0) is refused
// by the MEMORY, not by a clerk's ruling. And the amendment cannot reach
// `ratified` (terminal, proven by soma verify) until a supermajority of
// 7 of the 10 member states is actually on the books.
// ============================================================================

cell ArticleFive {
    face {
        signal propose(amendment: String) -> Map
        signal ratify(amendment: String, state_name: String) -> Map
        signal rescind(amendment: String, state_name: String) -> Map
        signal proclaim(amendment: String) -> Map
        signal yes_count(amendment: String) -> Int
    }

    memory {
        // amendment:state -> 1. The ONLY value the slot can hold.
        // Rescission writes 0; absence-by-overwrite is unrepresentable.
        record_of: Map<String, Int> [persistent, consistent]
        invariant record_of >= 1 && record_of <= 1
    }

    // ratified is TERMINAL — there is no edge out. A ratified amendment
    // is the constitution now; the machine has no way to un-make it.
    state amendment {
        initial: drafted
        drafted -> proposed
        proposed -> ratified
        proposed -> expired
    }

    on propose(amendment: String) {
        let r = try { transition(amendment, "proposed") }
        if r.error != () { return map("ok", false, "reason", "{r.error}") }
        return map("ok", true, "state", "proposed")
    }

    on ratify(amendment: String, state_name: String) {
        if get_status(amendment) != "proposed" {
            let s = get_status(amendment)
            return map("ok", false, "reason", "nothing to ratify: amendment is {s}")
        }
        let k = "{amendment}:{state_name}"
        if record_of.get(k) != () {
            return map("ok", false, "reason", "{state_name} already ratified — once")
        }
        record_of.set(k, 1)
        return map("ok", true, "state_name", state_name, "yes", yes_count(amendment))
    }

    // Ohio, 1868: "we take it back." The memory says no: removing the
    // yes means writing record_of down to 0, a value the slot cannot hold.
    on rescind(amendment: String, state_name: String) {
        let k = "{amendment}:{state_name}"
        let cur = record_of.get(k)
        if cur == () { return map("ok", false, "reason", "{state_name} never ratified") }
        let w = try { record_of.set(k, cur - 1) }
        if w.error != () {
            return map("ok", false, "reason", "ratification is a one-way act: {w.error}")
        }
        return map("ok", true)
    }

    // supermajority: 7 of 10 states, checked against the permanent record
    on proclaim(amendment: String) {
        let yes = yes_count(amendment)
        if yes < 7 {
            return map("ok", false, "reason", "supermajority not reached: {yes} of 10, need 7")
        }
        let r = try { transition(amendment, "ratified") }
        if r.error != () { return map("ok", false, "reason", "{r.error}") }
        return map("ok", true, "state", "ratified", "yes", yes)
    }

    on yes_count(amendment: String) {
        let n = 0
        for k in record_of.keys() {
            if starts_with(k, "{amendment}:") { n = n + 1 }
        }
        return n
    }
}

cell test AmendmentTests {
    rules {
        // no ratifying a draft that was never proposed
        assert ratify("A28", "ohio").ok == false
        assert propose("A28").ok == true

        // six states say yes — one short of the 7/10 supermajority
        assert ratify("A28", "s1").ok == true
        assert ratify("A28", "s2").ok == true
        assert ratify("A28", "s3").ok == true
        assert ratify("A28", "s4").ok == true
        assert ratify("A28", "s5").ok == true
        assert ratify("A28", "s6").ok == true
        assert ratify("A28", "s6").ok == false           // double-ratify: no
        assert proclaim("A28").ok == false               // 6 < 7

        // THE RESCISSION: s3 tries to take its yes back. The slot can
        // only hold 1 — writing 0 is refused by the memory itself.
        assert rescind("A28", "s3").ok == false
        assert_fails record_of.set("A28:s3", 0)
        assert yes_count("A28") == 6

        // the seventh state arrives; the supermajority is real
        assert ratify("A28", "s7").ok == true
        assert proclaim("A28").ok == true

        // ratified is forever: no edge out, no late rescission
        assert_fails transition("A28", "proposed")
        assert_fails transition("A28", "expired")
        assert rescind("A28", "s7").ok == false
        assert yes_count("A28") == 7
    }
}