Whistleblower shield — retaliation against a reporter is unrepresentable

whistleblower_shield.cell

// ============================================================================
// WHISTLEBLOWER SHIELD — retaliation against a reporter is unrepresentable
// ============================================================================
//
// Sherron Watkins warned Ken Lay about Enron's accounting in August
// 2001; within days, Enron's lawyers were researching "the consequences
// of terminating" her. That memo is why Sarbanes-Oxley §806 exists: any
// adverse employment action against a corporate whistleblower — firing,
// demotion, the quiet bad shift — is unlawful retaliation. Yet OSHA's
// docket shows it still happens constantly, because the protection lives
// in a policy document while the termination lives in the HR system.
//
// Here they live in the same memory. Once a person files a report they
// are shielded: the adverse-actions ledger for a shielded employee
// carries `invariant == 0`, so HR's termination write is not flagged for
// review — it is REFUSED. And the report itself moves through a machine
// where `substantiated`/`unfounded` are terminal: a closed finding
// cannot be quietly re-opened to grind a reporter down.
// ============================================================================

cell ComplianceOffice {
    face {
        signal file_report(report: String, reporter: String) -> Map
        signal investigate(report: String) -> Map
        signal close_report(report: String, founded: Bool) -> Map
        signal hr_action(employee: String, action: String) -> Map
        signal strikes(employee: String) -> Int
    }

    memory {
        // adverse actions against SHIELDED employees: the only lawful
        // count is zero. The firing is a write this slot cannot hold.
        reprisals: Map<String, Int> [persistent, consistent]
        invariant reprisals >= 0 && reprisals <= 0

        // ordinary discipline for everyone else — bounded, but real
        discipline: Map<String, Int> [persistent, consistent]
        invariant discipline >= 0

        shielded: Map<String, Int> [persistent, consistent]
        invariant shielded >= 1 && shielded <= 1
    }

    // filed -> investigating -> substantiated | unfounded (both TERMINAL)
    state report {
        initial: filed
        filed -> investigating
        investigating -> substantiated
        investigating -> unfounded
    }

    on file_report(report: String, reporter: String) {
        shielded.set(reporter, 1)
        transition(report, "investigating")
        return map("ok", true, "report", report, "shielded", reporter)
    }

    on investigate(report: String) {
        return map("report", report, "state", get_status(report))
    }

    on close_report(report: String, founded: Bool) {
        let target = "unfounded"
        if founded { target = "substantiated" }
        let r = try { transition(report, target) }
        if r.error != () { return map("ok", false, "reason", "{r.error}") }
        return map("ok", true, "finding", target)
    }

    // ONE door for all adverse actions — and it routes shielded people
    // into the ledger that refuses the write.
    on hr_action(employee: String, action: String) {
        if shielded.get(employee) != () {
            let w = try { reprisals.set(employee, (reprisals.get(employee) ?? 0) + 1) }
            if w.error != () {
                return map("ok", false, "reason",
                    "SOX 806: '{action}' against {employee} is retaliation; refused")
            }
        }
        discipline.set(employee, (discipline.get(employee) ?? 0) + 1)
        return map("ok", true, "employee", employee, "action", action)
    }

    on strikes(employee: String) {
        return discipline.get(employee) ?? 0
    }
}

cell test ShieldTests {
    rules {
        // ordinary discipline works for ordinary employees
        assert hr_action("fastow", "formal warning").ok == true
        assert strikes("fastow") == 1

        // watkins files; the shield goes up with the report
        assert file_report("R-2001-08", "watkins").ok == true
        assert get_status("R-2001-08") == "investigating"

        // THE MEMO'S PLAN: terminate the reporter. The ledger refuses.
        assert hr_action("watkins", "termination").ok == false
        assert hr_action("watkins", "demotion to basement").ok == false
        assert_fails reprisals.set("watkins", 1)
        assert strikes("watkins") == 0

        // the shield is a fact, not a toggle: writing it off is refused
        assert_fails shielded.set("watkins", 0)

        // findings close one way or the other, and stay closed
        assert close_report("R-2001-08", true).finding == "substantiated"
        assert_fails transition("R-2001-08", "investigating")
        assert_fails transition("R-2001-08", "unfounded")

        // closed report or not, the reporter stays untouchable
        assert hr_action("watkins", "bad shifts forever").ok == false
        assert strikes("watkins") == 0
        assert hr_action("fastow", "second warning").ok == true
    }
}